Appendicitis

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Appendicitis (Condition)

Overview

Appendicitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies worldwide and can affect individuals of all age groups, though it is most frequently seen in teenagers and young adults. Globally, nearly 230 cases per 100,000 people are reported each year. If not treated promptly, an inflamed appendix can rupture, leading to severe abdominal infection and life-threatening complications.

Under the care of Dr. Sachin Ambekar, Director of Minimal Access Surgery, Advanced Laparoscopic Surgeon, and Medical Director at MASSH Hospital, appendicitis is managed with rapid diagnosis and advanced minimally invasive surgical techniques to ensure safe outcomes and faster recovery.

What Is Appendicitis?

Appendicitis occurs when the appendix—a small, tube-like structure attached to the large intestine—becomes inflamed and infected. This inflammation is usually caused by blockage of the appendix opening, leading to bacterial overgrowth. If left untreated, the appendix may burst, spreading infection throughout the abdominal cavity.

Appendicitis is a medical emergency and requires prompt surgical intervention.

Symptoms

  • Persistent pain starting around the navel and shifting to the lower right abdomen
  • Fever and chills (seen in approximately 40% of patients)
  • Loss of appetite, nausea, and vomiting
  • Abdominal bloating or swelling
  • Fatigue and general weakness
  • Painful or frequent urination
  • Constipation or inability to pass gas
  • Diarrhea (in some cases)

Causes of Appendicitis

  • Fecaliths (appendix stones)
  • Lymphoid tissue swelling
  • Gastrointestinal infections
  • Tumors or parasites
  • Mucus build-up or cystic fibrosis

Possible Complications

  • Ischemia and necrosis
  • Perforation (rupture)
  • Abscess formation
  • Peritonitis
  • Sepsis

Diagnosis

Clinical Evaluation

  • Assessment of pain pattern and tenderness
  • Rebound pain and muscle guarding

Laboratory Tests

  • Elevated white blood cell count
  • Raised C-reactive protein (CRP)
  • Urinalysis and pregnancy test

Imaging

  • Ultrasound
  • CT Scan
  • MRI

Treatment Options

1. Laparoscopic Appendectomy

Benefits:

  • Small scars
  • Reduced post-operative pain
  • Faster recovery (1–2 weeks)
  • Shorter hospital stay

2. Open Appendectomy

Indicated for:

  • Ruptured appendix
  • Severe infection
  • Abscess or gangrenous appendix

3. Percutaneous Drainage

CT-guided drainage of pus, followed by delayed appendectomy once infection is controlled.

Why You Should Not Delay Treatment

  • High risk of rupture within 24–72 hours
  • Increased risk of peritonitis and sepsis
  • More pain and complications
  • Longer recovery time
  • No benefit in waiting

Why Choose Dr. Sachin Ambekar

  • Advanced Laparoscopic & 3D Surgery
  • Expertise in Emergency Surgery
  • 24/7 Rapid Diagnosis & Care
  • Comprehensive Post-Operative Care
  • State-of-the-Art Infrastructure at MASSH Hospital

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is the best treatment?
Surgical removal (appendectomy) is the gold standard.

2. Is it a medical emergency?
Yes. A ruptured appendix can be life-threatening.

3. How soon should surgery be done?
Ideally within 24 hours of diagnosis.

4. Recovery period?
1–2 weeks after laparoscopic surgery.

5. Can it be prevented?
There is no guaranteed prevention, but a high-fiber diet may reduce risk.